The Medieval Education System Free Essays

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

The prevalence of domestic violence in our societies. Free Essays

Dynamic Over the most recent two decades, there has been developing acknowledgment of the predominance of abusive behavior at home in our social orders. Aggressive behavior at home has kept on being a worldwide plague that murders and torments genuinely, mentally, explicitly and financially. It is one of the most inescapable human rights infringement, denying ladies and kids equity, security, poise and their entitlement to appreciate central opportunities. We will compose a custom paper test on The predominance of abusive behavior at home in our social orders. or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now The predominance of abusive behavior at home is higher in Kenya than in the UK on the grounds that there is no law that manages the issues of aggressive behavior at home. Considering the developing dispute of aggressive behavior at home, this thesis takes a gander at the issues of abusive behavior at home and its impacts on youngsters in both the United Kingdom (UK) and Kenya. All the more explicitly, the exploration tries to: feature the normal meaning of abusive behavior at home, recognize factors that add to abusive behavior at home, examine the effect of aggressive behavior at home on youngsters, and ultimately, take a gander at methods of fighting abusive behavior at home in the two nations. This audit has scrutinized and talked about past investigations, articles and other significant writing. Research articles were audited giving an outline of what aggressive behavior at home is. Various elements that add with the impacts of seeing viciousness by youngsters, for example, social, enthusiastic, intellectual and physical working issues have been investigated. The two nations picked speak to the equivalent unfavorable impacts of abusive behavior at home on kids. In conclusion, conversations focussing on the strategies used in managing abusive behavior at home in Kenya and the UK were plot. Center has been made to the positive advances taken to battle this issue just as government and non-government activities in battling abusive behavior at home. Generally speaking, this exploration will empower you to more readily comprehend social conditions and social issues from a more extensive perspective, giving you a perspective on what different issues intend to various individuals and how these points of view sway on society’s reaction. It will speak to an extensive and drawi ng in approach for the investigation of universal social conditions and issues. The hypothetical thoughts, for example, the women's activist methodology, connection hypothesis, frameworks hypothesis applied will reveal some insight into how to additionally comprehend the issues of abusive behavior at home. Worries about approach are additionally raised. The purpose behind completing this examination is on the grounds that aggressive behavior at home has become a component of the vast majority of the cases that I experience as a social work understudy on arrangement. Brought up in Kenya where abusive behavior at home is at an expansion, this examination will with the most noticeably awful results for kids. Likewise, experts in the two nations were found to give less consideration to the way that youngsters were seeing and living with elevated levels of viciousness. Along these lines, this exposition targets making mindfulness on the effect of aggressive behavior at home on youngsters and its requirement for mediations. Part 1 INTRODUCTION 1:1 Background and Context Abusive behavior at home is a globally perceived issue, yet it remains the most imperceptible wrongdoings of our occasions. Ladies and youngsters face fear in where they ought to be most secure inside their families. A significant number of them are startled of their homes since it is the place they experience brutality from the individuals who they trust and are near them. Abusive behavior at home happens in all networks paying little heed to social class, age, race, ethnic, handicap, sexuality, and way of life. Summers Hoffman (2002) portrays the issues of aggressive behavior at home as firmly connected to the socialization procedure, individual decisions, wrongdoing equity, wellbeing, medicinal services and morals. They express that, it is infrequently a one time occasion, since misuse will in general have a high pace of repeat. There are key bits of enactment, both crook and common, which have an orientation on kids who experience abusive behavior at home. These are the Children Act 1989, Family Law Act 1996, Protection from Harassment Act 1997 and Housing Act 1996 (Hester et al, 2000). There is an emphasis on the important parts of the enactment and conversation with respect to the suggestions for practice.The worldwide components of abusive behavior at home are stunning as featured by concentrates on its occurrences and commonness. No general public is liberated from such brutality and the main distinction is in the patters and patterns that are available in nations which will be talked about later in this audit (www.unicef-icdc.org). The main part will take a gander at the meaning of abusive behavior at home inside the UK and Kenya. From the beginning of time, presumptions have been made making society walk out on abusive behavior at home. It was expected that aggressive behavior at home is a minor, private/family matter that nobody ought to meddle with (Hanmer, 2000). Numerous individuals despite everything accept that battering is uncommon and to a lesser degree accordingly, don't affirm of outside obstruction. Others feel men are normally forceful, and ladies normally uninvolved, so misuse is relied upon due to ‘human nature’. Consequently, they see battering as an issue brought about by pressure or destitution, or subject to the ‘lower classes’ (Berry, 2000). It is just later that society has understood the unspeakable frightfulness of abusive behavior at home. As the stunning numbers and stories are made open information, perspectives are evolving. Individuals are currently mindful of the expanding idea of abusive behavior at home, its overwhelming impact on ladies, men, kids and f amilies, and the lamentable outcomes of dismissing (Hanmer, 2000). In the UK, abusive behavior at home has become a primary worry for some nearby specialists and police divisions while in Kenya, it is still viewed as a family issue that requires no interruption. The elements of this brutality just as the contributing elements are gradually getting clear. Every nation varies in its discernments concerning what adds to its aggressive behavior at home issues. In the UK, factors, for example, social prohibition, neediness, sexual orientation disparity, having a criminal foundation, and having encountered maltreatment as a kid are a portion of the variables that add to abusive behavior at home. The families are delegated man centric where male rule and ladies are subordinates (Turshen, 2000). In Kenya, aggressive behavior at home should be comprehended as a social and authentic marvel. Its customary way of life decides a particular spot for ladies and youngsters their jobs and obligation s. The dad is the one accountable for the residence which implies essentially, he claims everything or rather, he is the overseer of the family property including his spouses and youngsters (Njenga, 2007). In any case, factors, for example, sexual orientation disparity and destitution that add to aggressive behavior at home in the UK are like those in Kenya. The subsequent part will grow more on that. The survivors of abusive behavior at home endure genuinely, sincerely and mentally. They can't settle on their own choices, air their own perspectives or secure themselves and their youngsters because of a paranoid fear of further repercussions. They are denied of their human rights and need to continually live with the danger of viciousness (UNICEF, 2000). A few examinations have indicated that youngsters who witness abusive behavior at home are at higher dangers of turning out to be casualties or culprits of local as grown-ups. An expanding assortment of research has featured that youngsters are probably going to be in danger of physical, sexual or psychological mistreatment with regards to aggressive behavior at home (Hester et al, 2000). The effect of abusive behavior at home on kids has been seen as comparative in both the UK and Kenya. This survey centers around these kids the overlooked casualties of brutality in the home. The third section will cause to notice the effect of a ggressive behavior at home on youngsters. The test for what's to come is to carry ourselves to where the family is described by adoration and sustaining insightfulness, rather than the terrible mental maltreatment, battering, and slaughtering that are a heartbreaking piece of aggressive behavior at home. A multifaceted and coordinated methodology that grasps human rights is required to successfully wipe out abusive behavior at home. Maybe, through global joint effort, we can share bits of knowledge and significant ways to deal with counteraction and controls in this manner helping our families become the wellspring of wellbeing residents of tomorrow. (Summers Hoffman, 2002). By counterposing Kenya and the UK, this survey offers numerous similitudes between the brutality experienced by ladies and kids in the two nations and its view on male strength and control. In any case, there are a couple of contrasts about the two settings that may demonstrate helpful to analyze and be beneficial of experiences into the idea of abusive behavior at home. Therefore, this investigation looked to build up the impacts of aggressive behavior at home on kids in both Kenya and the UK with the expectation of it being an eye opener to the truth. Philosophy A writing audit is a target outline and basic examination of the pertinent accessible research or unresearched writing on a specific theme (Hart, 2001). The wellsprings of information for this examination venture are optional sources taken from dependable sources, for example, scholastic diaries, books, reports of which references can be found on the reference list. The techniques picked for these survey were planned to limit the danger of predisposition in the recognizable proof and determination of important and appropriate writing (www.health.wa.gov.au). This included directing an intensive and extensive inquiry including electronic databases, for example, ASSIA†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Academic one record and the Sage Publication Journals that have been utilized to recognize distributed articles, books and expert diaries. Four research articles on the use of abusive behavior at home, sex based brutality, impacts of aggressive behavior at home on kids were looked and recognized. Searches were limited to the year 2000 t

Writing the Best Sociology Essay Topics

Writing the Best Sociology Essay TopicsAn excellent way to add an engaging and relevant twist to your Sociology Essay is to devise various Sociology Essay Topics. These are very specific and focused areas of study that will help you explain the different facets of your specialty. You will be sure to stand out from the crowd by creating a unique application for your specific area of study.There are many ways in which you can explore the broad range of Sociology Essay Topics. Some may be familiar and easily relate to, while others will be a bit more challenging to incorporate into your essay. After all, every sociologist has their own style and approach to the subject matter. So, what follows is a brief overview of some of the more popular and targeted Social Sciences Essay Topics.One of the most popular categories of Sociology Essay Topics involves the study of cultural or social characteristics of the different kinds of humans. As an example, one of the more popular ones would be the study of the behavior and beliefs of groups of people. Another related one would be the study of regional behavior and customs that vary among a region.Another popular one, albeit a little bit controversial, would be the study of Sociological Views on World Affairs. As an example, the topic could be the effect of globalization on politics and governments. There are many similar themes and topics that fall under this category. But there are a number of other topics as well.Sociological Perspectives on Domestic Behaviors, needs a little more explanation. Basically, it can be broken down into three major subsections. First would be studies of family, food, and behavior. These studies can involve theoretical explorations and even some experimental ones. Other topics include those in the sociology of work, health and the meaning of life, and many others.Very important and helpful Sociological Perspectives could be that of ethnicity. It can be seen as encompassing racism, nationality, an d social class. The results of a recent survey have found that only ten percent of young Americans are familiar with the concept of ethnicity. So, even if you are not interested in a wide range of topics, incorporating this into your essay is very important. Aside from providing a more diverse perspective of the area, ethnicity also helps explain the relationship between religion and culture.Hopefully these Sociology Essay Topics is able to at least give you an idea of what to include in your essay. With so many possibilities, no wonder many students struggle to come up with unique ideas for their essays.

Ferrin s Process Of Inductive Bible Study - 964 Words

Ferrin’s process of inductive Bible study takes on a relational approach that consists of three essential parts or phases titled Foundation, Framing, and Finish Work. The structured methods encompass studying a book of the Bible and internalizing it rather than just memorizing the words (p. 3). The author diligently explains how that through the devoted application of all phases individuals and group Bible study participants are sure to â€Å"fall in love with God’s Word† (p. 3). Ferrin presents and or describes Scripture internalization as taking in the truth and then applying it to everyday life or living. Ferrin pointed out that the benefits of understanding biblical messages book by book include the Living Word of God becoming a reality within persons that grow more enjoyable and rewarding as time comes and goes. On a personal note, I practice reading the Bible through the process of observation. For instance, I practice learning what to look for in the text; interpreting the meaning; I prayerfully seek God and through the power of the Holy Spirit I can apply what I read. Nevertheless, I feel Ferrin’s process of inductive Bible study might prove more productive and edifying both personally and in a group. Moving forward and upon careful consideration, I find that Ferrin’s four- step â€Å"building a house† analogy approach might help me to get to know a book of the Bible and all of its elements. For example, during the foundation phase the background study of the author,Show MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

The Medieval Islamic Attitude Towards Christianity

The medieval Islamic attitude towards Christianity varied quite considerably; often Christians would be considered as either ‘People of the Book’, or as heretics. There was a common belief among Muslims that, while Muslims tolerated Christians and accepted them, Christians had a tendency to pre-condemn Muslims. On the other hand, although Christians did undeniably attempt to convert Muhammad, and many other Muslims, to Christianity, as well as refer to them repeatedly as pagans within their literature, it is almost understandable; within a century of the death of Muhammad in 632, Islam had spread across much of the known world, a dilemma that was unfathomable, theologically incomprehensible and simply terrifying for most Christians. The†¦show more content†¦It is clear that the East was a place that filled many European Christians with both fear and fascination, but the very nature of the Christian holy places being largely ruled by Muslims meant that the Christian West could not help but come into repeated contact with the East. The Islamic world was generally associated with relentless stereotypes, such as the character of the oppressive Oriental ruler, as well as the persistent idea of sexual immorality within Eastern customs. Some Christian doctrines, for example the thirteenth century Franciscan friars, strongly identifies Islam with the coming of the anti-Christ, and many medieval Christian writers displayed resentment towards Islam through attacking the basis of the religion in an attempt to undermine its validity. Muslims in Christian literature were ultimately not Muslims at all, but the fictional, projected Western archetype; as Matsushita states, the ‘medieval Christian literary repres entation of the Muslim was no

My favourite game free essay sample

A star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the planets energy. Some other stars are visible from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points due to their immense distance. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms, and the brightest stars gained proper names. Extensive catalogues of stars have been assembled by astronomers, which provide standardized star designations. For at least a portion of its life, a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core, releasing energy that traverses the stars interior and then radiates into outer space. Once the hydrogen in the core of a star is nearly exhausted, almost all naturally occurring elements heavier than helium are created by stellar nucleosynthesis during the stars lifetime and, for some stars, by supernova nucleosynthesis when it explodes. Near the end of its life, a star can also contain degenerate matter. Astronomers can determine the mass, age, metallicity (chemical composition), and many other properties of a star by observing its motion through space, luminosity, and spectrum respectively. The total mass of a star is the principal determinant of its evolution and eventual fate. Other characteristics of a star, including diameter and temperature, change over its life, while the stars environment affects its rotation and movement. A plot of the temperature of many stars against their luminosities, known as a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (H–R diagram), allows the age and evolutionary state of a star to be determined. A stars life begins with the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula of material composed primarily of hydrogen, along with helium and trace amounts of heavier elements. Once the stellar core is sufficiently dense, hydrogen becomes steadily converted into helium through nuclear fusion, releasing energy in the process. [1] The remainder of the stars interior carries energy away from the core through a combination of radiative and convective processes. The stars internal pressure prevents it from collapsing further under its own gravity. Once the hydrogen fuel at the core is exhausted, a star with at least 0.4 times the mass of the Sun[2] expands to become a red giant, in some cases fusing heavier elements at the core or in shells around the core. The star then evolves into a degenerate form, recycling a portion of its matter into the interstellar environment, where it will contribute to the formation of a new generation of stars with a higher proportion of heavy elements. [3] Meanw hile, the core becomes a stellar remnant: a white dwarf, a neutron star, or (if it is sufficiently massive) a black hole. Binary and multi-star systems consist of two or more stars that are gravitationally bound, and generally move around each other in stable orbits. When two such stars have a relatively close orbit, their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution. [4] Stars can form part of a much larger gravitationally bound structure, such as a star cluster or a galaxy. Distribution A white dwarf star in orbit around Sirius (artists impression). NASA image In addition to isolated stars, a multi-star system can consist of two or more gravitationally bound stars that orbit each other. The simplest and most common multi-star system is a binary star, but systems of three or more stars are also found. For reasons of orbital stability, such multi-star systems are often organized into hierarchical sets of binary stars. [77] Larger groups called star clusters also exist. These range from loose stellar associations with only a few stars, up to enormous globular clusters with hundreds of thousands of stars. It has been a long-held assumption that the majority of stars occur in gravitationally bound, multiple-star systems. This is particularly true for very massive O and B class stars, where 80% of the stars are believed to be part of multiple-star systems. However the proportion of single star systems increases for smaller stars, so that only 25% of red dwarfs are known to have stellar companions. As 85% of all stars are red dwarfs, most stars in the Milky Way are likely single from birth. [78] Stars are not spread uniformly across the universe, but are normally grouped into galaxies along with interstellar gas and dust. A typical galaxy contains hundreds of billions of stars, and there are more than 100 billion (1011) galaxies in the observable universe. [79] A 2010 star count estimate was 300 sextillion (3 ?1023) in the observable universe. [80] While it is often believed that stars only exist within galaxies, intergalactic stars have been discovered. [81] The nearest star to the Earth, apart from the Sun, is Proxima Centauri, which is 39. 9 trillion kilometres, or 4. 2 light-years away. Travelling at the orbital speed of the Space Shuttle (8 kilometres per second—almost 30,000 kilometres per hour), it would take about 150,000 years to get there. [82] Distances like this are typical inside galactic discs, including in the vicinity of the solar system. Stars can be much closer to each other in the centres of galaxies and in globular clusters, or much farther apart in galactic halos. Due to the relatively vast distances between stars outside the galactic nucleus, collisions between stars are thought to be rare. In denser regions such as the core of globular clusters or the galactic center, collisions can be more common. [84] Such collisions can produce what are known as blue stragglers. These abnormal stars have a higher surface temperature than the other main sequence stars with the same luminosity in the cluster. [85] Characteristics OBESERVATION HISTORY Historically, stars have been important to civilizations throughout the world. They have been part of religious practices and used for celestial navigation and orientation. Many ancient astronomers believed that stars were permanently affixed to a heavenly sphere, and that they were immutable. By convention, astronomers grouped stars into constellations and used them to track the motions of the planets and the inferred position of the Sun. [5] The motion of the Sun against the background stars (and the horizon) was used to create calendars, which could be used to regulate agricultural practices. The Gregorian calendar, currently used nearly everywhere in the world, is a solar calendar based on the angle of the Earths rotational axis relative to its local star, the Sun. The oldest accurately dated star chart appeared in ancient Egyptian astronomy in 1534 BC. [8] The earliest known star catalogues were compiled by the ancient Babylonian astronomers of Mesopotamia in the late 2nd millennium BC, during the Kassite Period (ca. 1531–1155 BC). [9] The first star catalogue in Greek astronomy was created by Aristillus in approximately 300 BC, with the help of Timocharis. The star catalog of Hipparchus (2nd century BC) included 1020 stars and was used to assemble Ptolemys star catalogue. [11] Hipparchus is known for the discovery of the first recorded nova (new star). [12] Many of the constellations and star names in use today derive from Greek astronomy. In spite of the apparent immutability of the heavens, Chinese astronomers were aware that new stars could appear. [13] In 185 AD, they were the first to observe and write about a supernova, now known as the SN 185. The brightest stellar event in recorded history was the SN 1006 supernova, which was observed in 1006 and written about by the Egyptian astronomer Ali ibn Ridwan and several Chinese astronomers. [15] The SN 1054 supernova, which gave birth to the Crab Nebula, was also observed by Chinese and Islamic astronomers. [16][17][18] Medieval Islamic astronomers gave Arabic names to many stars that are still used today, and they invented numerous astronomical instruments that could compute the positions of the stars. They built the first large observatory research institutes, mainly for the purpose of producing Zij star catalogues. Among these, the Book of Fixed Stars (964) was written by the Persian astronomer Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, who observed a number of stars, star clusters (including the Omicron Velorum and Brocchis Clusters) and galaxies (including the Andromeda Galaxy). [20] According to A. Zahoor, in the 11th century, the Persian polymath scholar Abu Rayhan Biruni described the Milky Way galaxy as a multitude of fragments having the properties of nebulous stars, and also gave the latitudes of various stars during a lunar eclipse in 1019. According to Josep Puig, the Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bajjah proposed that the Milky Way was made up of many stars which almost touched one another and appeared to be a continuous image due to the effect of refraction from sublunary material, citing his observation of the conjunction of Jupiter and Mars on 500 AH (1106/1107 AD) as evidence. [22] Early European astronomers such as Tycho Brahe identified new stars in the night sky (later termed novae), suggesting that the heavens were not immutable. In 1584 Giordano Bruno suggested that the stars were like the Sun, and may have other planets, possibly even Earth-like, in orbit around them,[23] an idea that had been suggested earlier by the ancient Greek philosophers, Democritus and Epicurus,[24] and by medieval Islamic cosmologists[25] such as Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. [26] By the following century, the idea of the stars being the same as the Sun was reaching a consensus among astronomers. To explain why these stars exerted no net gravitational pull on the Solar System, Isaac Newton suggested that the stars were equally distributed in every direction, an idea prompted by the theologian Richard Bentley. [27] The Italian astronomer Geminiano Montanari recorded observing variations in luminosity of the star Algol in 1667. Edmond Halley published the first measurements of the proper motion of a pair of nearby fixed stars, demonstrating that they had changed positions from the time of the ancient Greek astronomers Ptolemy and Hipparchus. [23] William Herschel was the first astronomer to attempt to determine the distribution of stars in the sky. During the 1780s, he performed a series of gauges in 600 directions, and counted the stars observed along each line of sight. From this he deduced that the number of stars steadily increased toward one side of the sky, in the direction of the Milky Way core. His son John Herschel repeated this study in the southern hemisphere and found a corresponding increase in the same direction. [28] In addition to his other accomplishments, William Herschel is also noted for his discovery that some stars do not merely lie along the same line of sight, but are also physical companions that form binary star systems. The science of stellar spectroscopy was pioneered by Joseph von Fraunhofer and Angelo Secchi. By comparing the spectra of stars such as Sirius to the Sun, they found differences in the strength and number of their absorption lines—the dark lines in a stellar spectra due to the absorption of specific frequencies by the atmosphere. In 1865 Secchi began classifying stars into spectral types. [29] However, the modern version of the stellar classification scheme was developed by Annie J. Cannon during the 1900s. Alpha Centauri A and B over limb of Saturn The first direct measurement of the distance to a star (61 Cygni at 11. 4 light-years) was made in 1838 by Friedrich Bessel using the parallax technique. Parallax measurements demonstrated the vast separation of the stars in the heavens. [23] Observation of double stars gained increasing importance during the 19th century. In 1834, Friedrich Bessel observed changes in the proper motion of the star Sirius, and inferred a hidden companion. Edward Pickering discovered the first spectroscopic binary in 1899 when he observed the periodic splitting of the spectral lines of the star Mizar in a 104-day period. Detailed observations of many binary star systems were collected by astronomers such as William Struve and S. W. Burnham, allowing the masses of stars to be determined from computation of  the orbital elements. The first solution to the problem of deriving an orbit of binary stars from telescope observations was made by Felix Savary in 1827. [30] The twentieth century saw increasingly rapid advances in the scientific study of stars. The photograph became a valuable astronomical tool. Karl Schwarzschild discovered that the color of a s tar, and hence its temperature, could be determined by comparing the visual magnitude against the photographic magnitude. The development of the photoelectric photometer allowed very precise measurements of magnitude at multiple wavelength intervals. In 1921 Albert A. Michelson made the first measurements of a stellar diameter using an interferometer on the Hooker telescope. [31] Important theoretical work on the physical structure of stars occurred during the first decades of the twentieth century. In 1913, the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram was developed, propelling the astrophysical study of stars. Successful models were developed to explain the interiors of stars and stellar evolution. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin first proposed that stars were made primarily of hydrogen and helium in her 1925 PhD thesis. The spectra of stars were further understood through advances in quantum physics. This allowed the chemical composition of the stellar atmosphere to be determined. [33] With the exception of supernovae, individual stars have primarily been observed in our Local Group of galaxies,[34] and especially in the visible part of the Milky Way (as demonstrated by the detailed star catalogues available for our galaxy). [35] But some stars have been observed in the M100 galaxy of the Virgo Cluster, about 100 million light years from the Earth.

Youth Then Now Essay Example For Students

Youth : Then Now Essay The spirit of youth has changed dramatically since the days ofJoseph Conrad and his story, Youth. Conrad strongly emphasises thedesire and strong will of the young crewmen. Whereas, todays youth donot posses he drive and motivation of their ancestors. All in all, itis clear through the passing time, attitudes have changed. 1 O Youth! The strength of it, the faith of it, the imaginationof it! Conrads example of youth powerfully describes the greatness ofit all. Marlow and the other young crewmen possessed this quality ofyouth and powerfully exemplified it on the treacherous voyage of the Judea. The youth of today, as many feel, do not have the strong characteristics ofpast generations. One hundred years ago, a young man may have gone on adangerous voyage like Marlow, but a young man today leads a more secure,cushioned life. We will write a custom essay on Youth : Then Now specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The changes in attitudes over time may be due to the fact thattodays generations do not have nearly as many hardships as in the past. With all the technology and scientific breakthroughs, have it easy. To conquer a problem in a modern lifestyle today, is to have a steadysource of income. In retrospect, todays youth benefit much greater thanthe youth of the past. Although the youth of the past benefit in the factthat they accomplished thier goals, and have many special memories toreflect on, as Marlow did. 1. Joseph Conrad, Youth, Story and StructureLaurence Perrine (ed) (Toronto, Harcourt Brace, 1966)p. 14BibliographyConrad, JosephYouth Story and Structure. Perrine, Laurence. Toronto. Harcourt, Brace World, Inc. 1966