The Medieval Education System Free Essays

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

The prevalence of domestic violence in our societies. Free Essays

Dynamic Over the most recent two decades, there has been developing acknowledgment of the predominance of abusive behavior at home in our social orders. Aggressive behavior at home has kept on being a worldwide plague that murders and torments genuinely, mentally, explicitly and financially. It is one of the most inescapable human rights infringement, denying ladies and kids equity, security, poise and their entitlement to appreciate central opportunities. We will compose a custom paper test on The predominance of abusive behavior at home in our social orders. or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now The predominance of abusive behavior at home is higher in Kenya than in the UK on the grounds that there is no law that manages the issues of aggressive behavior at home. Considering the developing dispute of aggressive behavior at home, this thesis takes a gander at the issues of abusive behavior at home and its impacts on youngsters in both the United Kingdom (UK) and Kenya. All the more explicitly, the exploration tries to: feature the normal meaning of abusive behavior at home, recognize factors that add to abusive behavior at home, examine the effect of aggressive behavior at home on youngsters, and ultimately, take a gander at methods of fighting abusive behavior at home in the two nations. This audit has scrutinized and talked about past investigations, articles and other significant writing. Research articles were audited giving an outline of what aggressive behavior at home is. Various elements that add with the impacts of seeing viciousness by youngsters, for example, social, enthusiastic, intellectual and physical working issues have been investigated. The two nations picked speak to the equivalent unfavorable impacts of abusive behavior at home on kids. In conclusion, conversations focussing on the strategies used in managing abusive behavior at home in Kenya and the UK were plot. Center has been made to the positive advances taken to battle this issue just as government and non-government activities in battling abusive behavior at home. Generally speaking, this exploration will empower you to more readily comprehend social conditions and social issues from a more extensive perspective, giving you a perspective on what different issues intend to various individuals and how these points of view sway on society’s reaction. It will speak to an extensive and drawi ng in approach for the investigation of universal social conditions and issues. The hypothetical thoughts, for example, the women's activist methodology, connection hypothesis, frameworks hypothesis applied will reveal some insight into how to additionally comprehend the issues of abusive behavior at home. Worries about approach are additionally raised. The purpose behind completing this examination is on the grounds that aggressive behavior at home has become a component of the vast majority of the cases that I experience as a social work understudy on arrangement. Brought up in Kenya where abusive behavior at home is at an expansion, this examination will with the most noticeably awful results for kids. Likewise, experts in the two nations were found to give less consideration to the way that youngsters were seeing and living with elevated levels of viciousness. Along these lines, this exposition targets making mindfulness on the effect of aggressive behavior at home on youngsters and its requirement for mediations. Part 1 INTRODUCTION 1:1 Background and Context Abusive behavior at home is a globally perceived issue, yet it remains the most imperceptible wrongdoings of our occasions. Ladies and youngsters face fear in where they ought to be most secure inside their families. A significant number of them are startled of their homes since it is the place they experience brutality from the individuals who they trust and are near them. Abusive behavior at home happens in all networks paying little heed to social class, age, race, ethnic, handicap, sexuality, and way of life. Summers Hoffman (2002) portrays the issues of aggressive behavior at home as firmly connected to the socialization procedure, individual decisions, wrongdoing equity, wellbeing, medicinal services and morals. They express that, it is infrequently a one time occasion, since misuse will in general have a high pace of repeat. There are key bits of enactment, both crook and common, which have an orientation on kids who experience abusive behavior at home. These are the Children Act 1989, Family Law Act 1996, Protection from Harassment Act 1997 and Housing Act 1996 (Hester et al, 2000). There is an emphasis on the important parts of the enactment and conversation with respect to the suggestions for practice.The worldwide components of abusive behavior at home are stunning as featured by concentrates on its occurrences and commonness. No general public is liberated from such brutality and the main distinction is in the patters and patterns that are available in nations which will be talked about later in this audit (www.unicef-icdc.org). The main part will take a gander at the meaning of abusive behavior at home inside the UK and Kenya. From the beginning of time, presumptions have been made making society walk out on abusive behavior at home. It was expected that aggressive behavior at home is a minor, private/family matter that nobody ought to meddle with (Hanmer, 2000). Numerous individuals despite everything accept that battering is uncommon and to a lesser degree accordingly, don't affirm of outside obstruction. Others feel men are normally forceful, and ladies normally uninvolved, so misuse is relied upon due to ‘human nature’. Consequently, they see battering as an issue brought about by pressure or destitution, or subject to the ‘lower classes’ (Berry, 2000). It is just later that society has understood the unspeakable frightfulness of abusive behavior at home. As the stunning numbers and stories are made open information, perspectives are evolving. Individuals are currently mindful of the expanding idea of abusive behavior at home, its overwhelming impact on ladies, men, kids and f amilies, and the lamentable outcomes of dismissing (Hanmer, 2000). In the UK, abusive behavior at home has become a primary worry for some nearby specialists and police divisions while in Kenya, it is still viewed as a family issue that requires no interruption. The elements of this brutality just as the contributing elements are gradually getting clear. Every nation varies in its discernments concerning what adds to its aggressive behavior at home issues. In the UK, factors, for example, social prohibition, neediness, sexual orientation disparity, having a criminal foundation, and having encountered maltreatment as a kid are a portion of the variables that add to abusive behavior at home. The families are delegated man centric where male rule and ladies are subordinates (Turshen, 2000). In Kenya, aggressive behavior at home should be comprehended as a social and authentic marvel. Its customary way of life decides a particular spot for ladies and youngsters their jobs and obligation s. The dad is the one accountable for the residence which implies essentially, he claims everything or rather, he is the overseer of the family property including his spouses and youngsters (Njenga, 2007). In any case, factors, for example, sexual orientation disparity and destitution that add to aggressive behavior at home in the UK are like those in Kenya. The subsequent part will grow more on that. The survivors of abusive behavior at home endure genuinely, sincerely and mentally. They can't settle on their own choices, air their own perspectives or secure themselves and their youngsters because of a paranoid fear of further repercussions. They are denied of their human rights and need to continually live with the danger of viciousness (UNICEF, 2000). A few examinations have indicated that youngsters who witness abusive behavior at home are at higher dangers of turning out to be casualties or culprits of local as grown-ups. An expanding assortment of research has featured that youngsters are probably going to be in danger of physical, sexual or psychological mistreatment with regards to aggressive behavior at home (Hester et al, 2000). The effect of abusive behavior at home on kids has been seen as comparative in both the UK and Kenya. This survey centers around these kids the overlooked casualties of brutality in the home. The third section will cause to notice the effect of a ggressive behavior at home on youngsters. The test for what's to come is to carry ourselves to where the family is described by adoration and sustaining insightfulness, rather than the terrible mental maltreatment, battering, and slaughtering that are a heartbreaking piece of aggressive behavior at home. A multifaceted and coordinated methodology that grasps human rights is required to successfully wipe out abusive behavior at home. Maybe, through global joint effort, we can share bits of knowledge and significant ways to deal with counteraction and controls in this manner helping our families become the wellspring of wellbeing residents of tomorrow. (Summers Hoffman, 2002). By counterposing Kenya and the UK, this survey offers numerous similitudes between the brutality experienced by ladies and kids in the two nations and its view on male strength and control. In any case, there are a couple of contrasts about the two settings that may demonstrate helpful to analyze and be beneficial of experiences into the idea of abusive behavior at home. Therefore, this investigation looked to build up the impacts of aggressive behavior at home on kids in both Kenya and the UK with the expectation of it being an eye opener to the truth. Philosophy A writing audit is a target outline and basic examination of the pertinent accessible research or unresearched writing on a specific theme (Hart, 2001). The wellsprings of information for this examination venture are optional sources taken from dependable sources, for example, scholastic diaries, books, reports of which references can be found on the reference list. The techniques picked for these survey were planned to limit the danger of predisposition in the recognizable proof and determination of important and appropriate writing (www.health.wa.gov.au). This included directing an intensive and extensive inquiry including electronic databases, for example, ASSIA†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Academic one record and the Sage Publication Journals that have been utilized to recognize distributed articles, books and expert diaries. Four research articles on the use of abusive behavior at home, sex based brutality, impacts of aggressive behavior at home on kids were looked and recognized. Searches were limited to the year 2000 t

Writing the Best Sociology Essay Topics

Writing the Best Sociology Essay TopicsAn excellent way to add an engaging and relevant twist to your Sociology Essay is to devise various Sociology Essay Topics. These are very specific and focused areas of study that will help you explain the different facets of your specialty. You will be sure to stand out from the crowd by creating a unique application for your specific area of study.There are many ways in which you can explore the broad range of Sociology Essay Topics. Some may be familiar and easily relate to, while others will be a bit more challenging to incorporate into your essay. After all, every sociologist has their own style and approach to the subject matter. So, what follows is a brief overview of some of the more popular and targeted Social Sciences Essay Topics.One of the most popular categories of Sociology Essay Topics involves the study of cultural or social characteristics of the different kinds of humans. As an example, one of the more popular ones would be the study of the behavior and beliefs of groups of people. Another related one would be the study of regional behavior and customs that vary among a region.Another popular one, albeit a little bit controversial, would be the study of Sociological Views on World Affairs. As an example, the topic could be the effect of globalization on politics and governments. There are many similar themes and topics that fall under this category. But there are a number of other topics as well.Sociological Perspectives on Domestic Behaviors, needs a little more explanation. Basically, it can be broken down into three major subsections. First would be studies of family, food, and behavior. These studies can involve theoretical explorations and even some experimental ones. Other topics include those in the sociology of work, health and the meaning of life, and many others.Very important and helpful Sociological Perspectives could be that of ethnicity. It can be seen as encompassing racism, nationality, an d social class. The results of a recent survey have found that only ten percent of young Americans are familiar with the concept of ethnicity. So, even if you are not interested in a wide range of topics, incorporating this into your essay is very important. Aside from providing a more diverse perspective of the area, ethnicity also helps explain the relationship between religion and culture.Hopefully these Sociology Essay Topics is able to at least give you an idea of what to include in your essay. With so many possibilities, no wonder many students struggle to come up with unique ideas for their essays.

Ferrin s Process Of Inductive Bible Study - 964 Words

Ferrin’s process of inductive Bible study takes on a relational approach that consists of three essential parts or phases titled Foundation, Framing, and Finish Work. The structured methods encompass studying a book of the Bible and internalizing it rather than just memorizing the words (p. 3). The author diligently explains how that through the devoted application of all phases individuals and group Bible study participants are sure to â€Å"fall in love with God’s Word† (p. 3). Ferrin presents and or describes Scripture internalization as taking in the truth and then applying it to everyday life or living. Ferrin pointed out that the benefits of understanding biblical messages book by book include the Living Word of God becoming a reality within persons that grow more enjoyable and rewarding as time comes and goes. On a personal note, I practice reading the Bible through the process of observation. For instance, I practice learning what to look for in the text; interpreting the meaning; I prayerfully seek God and through the power of the Holy Spirit I can apply what I read. Nevertheless, I feel Ferrin’s process of inductive Bible study might prove more productive and edifying both personally and in a group. Moving forward and upon careful consideration, I find that Ferrin’s four- step â€Å"building a house† analogy approach might help me to get to know a book of the Bible and all of its elements. For example, during the foundation phase the background study of the author,Show MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

The Medieval Islamic Attitude Towards Christianity

The medieval Islamic attitude towards Christianity varied quite considerably; often Christians would be considered as either ‘People of the Book’, or as heretics. There was a common belief among Muslims that, while Muslims tolerated Christians and accepted them, Christians had a tendency to pre-condemn Muslims. On the other hand, although Christians did undeniably attempt to convert Muhammad, and many other Muslims, to Christianity, as well as refer to them repeatedly as pagans within their literature, it is almost understandable; within a century of the death of Muhammad in 632, Islam had spread across much of the known world, a dilemma that was unfathomable, theologically incomprehensible and simply terrifying for most Christians. The†¦show more content†¦It is clear that the East was a place that filled many European Christians with both fear and fascination, but the very nature of the Christian holy places being largely ruled by Muslims meant that the Christian West could not help but come into repeated contact with the East. The Islamic world was generally associated with relentless stereotypes, such as the character of the oppressive Oriental ruler, as well as the persistent idea of sexual immorality within Eastern customs. Some Christian doctrines, for example the thirteenth century Franciscan friars, strongly identifies Islam with the coming of the anti-Christ, and many medieval Christian writers displayed resentment towards Islam through attacking the basis of the religion in an attempt to undermine its validity. Muslims in Christian literature were ultimately not Muslims at all, but the fictional, projected Western archetype; as Matsushita states, the ‘medieval Christian literary repres entation of the Muslim was no

My favourite game free essay sample

A star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the planets energy. Some other stars are visible from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points due to their immense distance. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms, and the brightest stars gained proper names. Extensive catalogues of stars have been assembled by astronomers, which provide standardized star designations. For at least a portion of its life, a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core, releasing energy that traverses the stars interior and then radiates into outer space. Once the hydrogen in the core of a star is nearly exhausted, almost all naturally occurring elements heavier than helium are created by stellar nucleosynthesis during the stars lifetime and, for some stars, by supernova nucleosynthesis when it explodes. Near the end of its life, a star can also contain degenerate matter. Astronomers can determine the mass, age, metallicity (chemical composition), and many other properties of a star by observing its motion through space, luminosity, and spectrum respectively. The total mass of a star is the principal determinant of its evolution and eventual fate. Other characteristics of a star, including diameter and temperature, change over its life, while the stars environment affects its rotation and movement. A plot of the temperature of many stars against their luminosities, known as a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (H–R diagram), allows the age and evolutionary state of a star to be determined. A stars life begins with the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula of material composed primarily of hydrogen, along with helium and trace amounts of heavier elements. Once the stellar core is sufficiently dense, hydrogen becomes steadily converted into helium through nuclear fusion, releasing energy in the process. [1] The remainder of the stars interior carries energy away from the core through a combination of radiative and convective processes. The stars internal pressure prevents it from collapsing further under its own gravity. Once the hydrogen fuel at the core is exhausted, a star with at least 0.4 times the mass of the Sun[2] expands to become a red giant, in some cases fusing heavier elements at the core or in shells around the core. The star then evolves into a degenerate form, recycling a portion of its matter into the interstellar environment, where it will contribute to the formation of a new generation of stars with a higher proportion of heavy elements. [3] Meanw hile, the core becomes a stellar remnant: a white dwarf, a neutron star, or (if it is sufficiently massive) a black hole. Binary and multi-star systems consist of two or more stars that are gravitationally bound, and generally move around each other in stable orbits. When two such stars have a relatively close orbit, their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution. [4] Stars can form part of a much larger gravitationally bound structure, such as a star cluster or a galaxy. Distribution A white dwarf star in orbit around Sirius (artists impression). NASA image In addition to isolated stars, a multi-star system can consist of two or more gravitationally bound stars that orbit each other. The simplest and most common multi-star system is a binary star, but systems of three or more stars are also found. For reasons of orbital stability, such multi-star systems are often organized into hierarchical sets of binary stars. [77] Larger groups called star clusters also exist. These range from loose stellar associations with only a few stars, up to enormous globular clusters with hundreds of thousands of stars. It has been a long-held assumption that the majority of stars occur in gravitationally bound, multiple-star systems. This is particularly true for very massive O and B class stars, where 80% of the stars are believed to be part of multiple-star systems. However the proportion of single star systems increases for smaller stars, so that only 25% of red dwarfs are known to have stellar companions. As 85% of all stars are red dwarfs, most stars in the Milky Way are likely single from birth. [78] Stars are not spread uniformly across the universe, but are normally grouped into galaxies along with interstellar gas and dust. A typical galaxy contains hundreds of billions of stars, and there are more than 100 billion (1011) galaxies in the observable universe. [79] A 2010 star count estimate was 300 sextillion (3 ?1023) in the observable universe. [80] While it is often believed that stars only exist within galaxies, intergalactic stars have been discovered. [81] The nearest star to the Earth, apart from the Sun, is Proxima Centauri, which is 39. 9 trillion kilometres, or 4. 2 light-years away. Travelling at the orbital speed of the Space Shuttle (8 kilometres per second—almost 30,000 kilometres per hour), it would take about 150,000 years to get there. [82] Distances like this are typical inside galactic discs, including in the vicinity of the solar system. Stars can be much closer to each other in the centres of galaxies and in globular clusters, or much farther apart in galactic halos. Due to the relatively vast distances between stars outside the galactic nucleus, collisions between stars are thought to be rare. In denser regions such as the core of globular clusters or the galactic center, collisions can be more common. [84] Such collisions can produce what are known as blue stragglers. These abnormal stars have a higher surface temperature than the other main sequence stars with the same luminosity in the cluster. [85] Characteristics OBESERVATION HISTORY Historically, stars have been important to civilizations throughout the world. They have been part of religious practices and used for celestial navigation and orientation. Many ancient astronomers believed that stars were permanently affixed to a heavenly sphere, and that they were immutable. By convention, astronomers grouped stars into constellations and used them to track the motions of the planets and the inferred position of the Sun. [5] The motion of the Sun against the background stars (and the horizon) was used to create calendars, which could be used to regulate agricultural practices. The Gregorian calendar, currently used nearly everywhere in the world, is a solar calendar based on the angle of the Earths rotational axis relative to its local star, the Sun. The oldest accurately dated star chart appeared in ancient Egyptian astronomy in 1534 BC. [8] The earliest known star catalogues were compiled by the ancient Babylonian astronomers of Mesopotamia in the late 2nd millennium BC, during the Kassite Period (ca. 1531–1155 BC). [9] The first star catalogue in Greek astronomy was created by Aristillus in approximately 300 BC, with the help of Timocharis. The star catalog of Hipparchus (2nd century BC) included 1020 stars and was used to assemble Ptolemys star catalogue. [11] Hipparchus is known for the discovery of the first recorded nova (new star). [12] Many of the constellations and star names in use today derive from Greek astronomy. In spite of the apparent immutability of the heavens, Chinese astronomers were aware that new stars could appear. [13] In 185 AD, they were the first to observe and write about a supernova, now known as the SN 185. The brightest stellar event in recorded history was the SN 1006 supernova, which was observed in 1006 and written about by the Egyptian astronomer Ali ibn Ridwan and several Chinese astronomers. [15] The SN 1054 supernova, which gave birth to the Crab Nebula, was also observed by Chinese and Islamic astronomers. [16][17][18] Medieval Islamic astronomers gave Arabic names to many stars that are still used today, and they invented numerous astronomical instruments that could compute the positions of the stars. They built the first large observatory research institutes, mainly for the purpose of producing Zij star catalogues. Among these, the Book of Fixed Stars (964) was written by the Persian astronomer Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, who observed a number of stars, star clusters (including the Omicron Velorum and Brocchis Clusters) and galaxies (including the Andromeda Galaxy). [20] According to A. Zahoor, in the 11th century, the Persian polymath scholar Abu Rayhan Biruni described the Milky Way galaxy as a multitude of fragments having the properties of nebulous stars, and also gave the latitudes of various stars during a lunar eclipse in 1019. According to Josep Puig, the Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bajjah proposed that the Milky Way was made up of many stars which almost touched one another and appeared to be a continuous image due to the effect of refraction from sublunary material, citing his observation of the conjunction of Jupiter and Mars on 500 AH (1106/1107 AD) as evidence. [22] Early European astronomers such as Tycho Brahe identified new stars in the night sky (later termed novae), suggesting that the heavens were not immutable. In 1584 Giordano Bruno suggested that the stars were like the Sun, and may have other planets, possibly even Earth-like, in orbit around them,[23] an idea that had been suggested earlier by the ancient Greek philosophers, Democritus and Epicurus,[24] and by medieval Islamic cosmologists[25] such as Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. [26] By the following century, the idea of the stars being the same as the Sun was reaching a consensus among astronomers. To explain why these stars exerted no net gravitational pull on the Solar System, Isaac Newton suggested that the stars were equally distributed in every direction, an idea prompted by the theologian Richard Bentley. [27] The Italian astronomer Geminiano Montanari recorded observing variations in luminosity of the star Algol in 1667. Edmond Halley published the first measurements of the proper motion of a pair of nearby fixed stars, demonstrating that they had changed positions from the time of the ancient Greek astronomers Ptolemy and Hipparchus. [23] William Herschel was the first astronomer to attempt to determine the distribution of stars in the sky. During the 1780s, he performed a series of gauges in 600 directions, and counted the stars observed along each line of sight. From this he deduced that the number of stars steadily increased toward one side of the sky, in the direction of the Milky Way core. His son John Herschel repeated this study in the southern hemisphere and found a corresponding increase in the same direction. [28] In addition to his other accomplishments, William Herschel is also noted for his discovery that some stars do not merely lie along the same line of sight, but are also physical companions that form binary star systems. The science of stellar spectroscopy was pioneered by Joseph von Fraunhofer and Angelo Secchi. By comparing the spectra of stars such as Sirius to the Sun, they found differences in the strength and number of their absorption lines—the dark lines in a stellar spectra due to the absorption of specific frequencies by the atmosphere. In 1865 Secchi began classifying stars into spectral types. [29] However, the modern version of the stellar classification scheme was developed by Annie J. Cannon during the 1900s. Alpha Centauri A and B over limb of Saturn The first direct measurement of the distance to a star (61 Cygni at 11. 4 light-years) was made in 1838 by Friedrich Bessel using the parallax technique. Parallax measurements demonstrated the vast separation of the stars in the heavens. [23] Observation of double stars gained increasing importance during the 19th century. In 1834, Friedrich Bessel observed changes in the proper motion of the star Sirius, and inferred a hidden companion. Edward Pickering discovered the first spectroscopic binary in 1899 when he observed the periodic splitting of the spectral lines of the star Mizar in a 104-day period. Detailed observations of many binary star systems were collected by astronomers such as William Struve and S. W. Burnham, allowing the masses of stars to be determined from computation of  the orbital elements. The first solution to the problem of deriving an orbit of binary stars from telescope observations was made by Felix Savary in 1827. [30] The twentieth century saw increasingly rapid advances in the scientific study of stars. The photograph became a valuable astronomical tool. Karl Schwarzschild discovered that the color of a s tar, and hence its temperature, could be determined by comparing the visual magnitude against the photographic magnitude. The development of the photoelectric photometer allowed very precise measurements of magnitude at multiple wavelength intervals. In 1921 Albert A. Michelson made the first measurements of a stellar diameter using an interferometer on the Hooker telescope. [31] Important theoretical work on the physical structure of stars occurred during the first decades of the twentieth century. In 1913, the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram was developed, propelling the astrophysical study of stars. Successful models were developed to explain the interiors of stars and stellar evolution. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin first proposed that stars were made primarily of hydrogen and helium in her 1925 PhD thesis. The spectra of stars were further understood through advances in quantum physics. This allowed the chemical composition of the stellar atmosphere to be determined. [33] With the exception of supernovae, individual stars have primarily been observed in our Local Group of galaxies,[34] and especially in the visible part of the Milky Way (as demonstrated by the detailed star catalogues available for our galaxy). [35] But some stars have been observed in the M100 galaxy of the Virgo Cluster, about 100 million light years from the Earth.

Youth Then Now Essay Example For Students

Youth : Then Now Essay The spirit of youth has changed dramatically since the days ofJoseph Conrad and his story, Youth. Conrad strongly emphasises thedesire and strong will of the young crewmen. Whereas, todays youth donot posses he drive and motivation of their ancestors. All in all, itis clear through the passing time, attitudes have changed. 1 O Youth! The strength of it, the faith of it, the imaginationof it! Conrads example of youth powerfully describes the greatness ofit all. Marlow and the other young crewmen possessed this quality ofyouth and powerfully exemplified it on the treacherous voyage of the Judea. The youth of today, as many feel, do not have the strong characteristics ofpast generations. One hundred years ago, a young man may have gone on adangerous voyage like Marlow, but a young man today leads a more secure,cushioned life. We will write a custom essay on Youth : Then Now specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The changes in attitudes over time may be due to the fact thattodays generations do not have nearly as many hardships as in the past. With all the technology and scientific breakthroughs, have it easy. To conquer a problem in a modern lifestyle today, is to have a steadysource of income. In retrospect, todays youth benefit much greater thanthe youth of the past. Although the youth of the past benefit in the factthat they accomplished thier goals, and have many special memories toreflect on, as Marlow did. 1. Joseph Conrad, Youth, Story and StructureLaurence Perrine (ed) (Toronto, Harcourt Brace, 1966)p. 14BibliographyConrad, JosephYouth Story and Structure. Perrine, Laurence. Toronto. Harcourt, Brace World, Inc. 1966

Political Aspects of the Classical Age of Greece

Political Aspects of the Classical Age of Greece This is a brief introduction to the Classical Age in Greece, a period that followed the Archaic Age and lasted through the creation of a Greek empire, by Alexander the Great. The Classical Age was characterized by most of the cultural wonders that we associate with ancient Greece. It corresponds with the period of the height of democracy, the flowering of Greek tragedy, and the architectural marvels at Athens. The Classical Age of Greece begins either with with the fall of the Athenian tyrant Hippias, son of Peisistratos/Pisistratus, in 510 B.C., or the Persian Wars, which the Greeks fought against the Persians in Greece and Asia Minor from 490-479 B.C. When you think of the movie 300, youre thinking of one of the battles fought during the Persian Wars. Solon, Peisistratus, Cleisthenes, and the Rise of Democracy When the Greeks adopted democracy it wasnt an overnight affair or a question of throwing out monarchs. The process developed and changed over time. The Classical Age of Greece ends with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. Besides war and conquest, in the Classical period, the Greeks produced great literature, poetry, philosophy, drama, and art. This was the time when the genre of history was first established. It also produced the institution we know of as Athenian democracy. Alexander the Great Profile The Macedonians Philip and Alexander put an end to the power of the individual city-states at the same time they spread the culture of the Greeks all the way to the Indian Sea. Rise of Democracy One unique contribution of the Greeks, democracy lasted beyond the Classical period and had its roots in the earlier time, but it still characterized the Classical age. During the era before the Classical Age, in what is sometimes called the Archaic Age, Athens and Sparta had followed different paths. Sparta had two kings and an oligarchic government while Athens had instituted democracy. Etymology of Oligarchy oligos few arche rule Etymology of Democracy demos the people of a country krateo rule A Spartan woman had the right to own property, whereas, in Athens, she had few freedoms. In Sparta, men and women served the state; in Athens, they served the Oikos household/family. Etymology of Economy Economy oikos home nomos custom, usage, ordinance Men were trained in Sparta to be laconic warriors and in Athens to be public speakers. Persian Wars Despite an almost endless series of differences, the Hellenes from Sparta, Athens, and elsewhere fought together against the monarchical Persian Empire. In 479 they repelled the numerically mightier Persian force from the Greek mainland. Peloponnesian and Delian Alliances For the next few decades after the end of the Persian Wars, relations between the 2 major poleis city-states deteriorated. The Spartans, who had earlier been the unquestioned leaders of the Greeks, suspected Athens (a new naval power) of trying to take control of all of Greece. Most of the poleis on the Peloponnese allied with Sparta. Athens was at the head of the poleis in the Delian League. Its members were along the coast of the Aegean Sea and on islands in it. The Delian League initially had been formed against the Persian Empire, but finding it lucrative, Athens transformed it into its own empire. Pericles, the foremost statesman of Athens from 461-429, introduced payment for public offices so more of the population than just the rich could hold them. Pericles initiated the building of the Parthenon, which was supervised by the famed Athenian sculptor Pheidias. Drama and philosophy flourished. Peloponnesian War and Its Aftermath Tensions between the Peloponnesian and Delian alliances mounted. The Peloponnesian War broke out in 431 and lasted for 27 years. Pericles, along with many others, died of plague early in the war. Even after the end of the Peloponnesian War, which Athens lost, Thebes, Sparta, and Athens continued to take turns as the dominant Greek power. Instead of one of them becoming the clear leader, they dissipated their strength and fell prey to the empire-building Macedonian king Phillip II and his son Alexander the Great. Historians of the Archaic and Classical Period HerodotusPlutarchStraboPausaniasThucydidesDiodorus SiculusXenophonDemosthenesAeschinesNeposJustin Historians of the Period When Greece Was Dominated by the Macedonians DiodorusJustinThucydidesArrian fragments of Arrian found in PhotiusDemosthenesAeschinesPlutarch

The List of All U.S. Colleges With a Music Major

Studying music allows one to engage with the subtle intersections of mathematics, theory, artistic expression, and material technique. If you’re thinking about pursuing your interest in music through your major, we’ve put together this post to offer some information on potential career paths as well as a comprehensive list of which schools may offer programs that fit your aspirations. For students interested in studying music in college, there are generally two paths: the music conservatory or the music major at a traditional higher-education institution. If you’re set on the pursuit of a path in performance or composition, then the more rigorous and specialized path of a conservatory is for you. However, for many students, the opportunity to couple music with other disciplines is enticing. In these cases, a more traditional institution has its merits. Music majors can double-major or pursue a minor to build up skills and experiences in two fields that complement each other. Popular subjects studied in conjunction with music include communications, psychology, business, and technology. Music programs themselves are usually well-balanced between scholarship and performance, emphasizing both practice and theory, as well as a good understanding of music history. In addition to the technical skills you gain in performance, composition, and music theory, you will come out of college with many transferable and in-demand skills, such as innovative thinking, communication and collaboration, and the ability to articulate meaning. Music majors often drawn upon their experiences and skills from their other courses when stepping into the job market. It’s useful to note that except for a few specialized, professional majors, it’s normal for a student’s eventual career to be unrelated to their undergraduate degree. That being said, music majors will find a plethora of related opportunities in the job market. Careers in music therapy, music education, and game design are directly related to undergraduate studies in music. One degree removed, careers in arts administration, app development, recording engineering, and music law also have high demand for music majors and are lucrative paths to take. Whether you’re planning on studying music or physics at college, a strong and dedicated application—with emphasis on a promising academic record—is just as important as your musical accomplishments. Colleges want to know that you will be able to excel not only in your program, but as a general student at their institution. Show your passion for music through you extracurriculars. Take music classes in high school; join a band or orchestra; participate in recitals or competitions. Start researching which schools have music programs, and begin narrowing down from there. Then you can put together your school list. Many students need help when putting together their college lists and then their applications. It’s a lot of work, and even more so if you need to tailor your profile to schools as a potential music student. can help you apply to your dream school no matter what point in high school you are at. If you’re still in your first two years of high school, our    Early Advising Program will help you build a strong extracurricular and academic base to prepare you for the college application process. We’ll guide you in choosing the right classes and extracurricular activities and how to draw on your strengths to optimize your profile in advance. If you’re a junior, our College Strategy Program will help you improve your admissions chances by strengthening your extracurricular profile, setting goals with you, developing a college list, and making school-specific adjustments to increase your chances at your dream schools. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Anderson University (South Carolina) Arkansas State University | A–State Austin Peay State University | APSU California State University, East Bay | CSU East Bay Bowling Green State University | BGSU C.W. Post Campus of Long Island University | LIU Post California Baptist University | CBU California Institute of the Arts | Cal Arts California Lutheran University | CLU California Polytechnic State University | Cal Poly California State Polytechnic University, Pomona | Cal Poly Pomona California State University Channel Islands | CSU Channel Islands California State University San Marcos | CSUSM California State University, Bakersfield | CSU Bakersfield California State University, Chico | CSU Chico California State University, Dominguez Hills | CSUDH California State University, Fresno | CSU Fresno California State University, Fullerton | CSU Fullerton California State University, Long Beach | Long Beach State California State University, Los Angeles | Cal State LA California State University, Monterey Bay | CSUMB California State University, Northridge | CSUN California State University, Sacramento | Sacramento State California State University, San Bernardino | CSUSB California State University, Stanislaus | Stanislaus State Catholic University of America | CUA Central Christian College of Kansas Central Connecticut State University | CCSU Central Washington University | CWU Delaware State University | Del State Charleston Southern University | CSU Christopher Newport University | CNU Eastern Washington University | EWU Coastal Carolina University | Coastal College of Staten Island | CUNY CSI College of the Holy Cross | Holy Cross College of William & Mary | William & Mary Colorado Christian University | CCU Colorado State University–Pueblo | CSU Pueblo Columbia International University | CIU Concordia University Wisconsin | CUW Massachusetts Institute of Technology | MIT East Texas Baptist University | ETBU Eastern Connecticut State University | ECSU Eastern New Mexico University | ENMU North Carolina Central University | NCCU Elizabeth City State University | ECSU North Dakota State University | NDSU Fayetteville State University | FSU Florida Gulf Coast University | FGCU Florida International University | FIU Fort Valley State University | FVSU Franciscan University of Steubenville Franklin and Marshall College | F&M Georgia Institute of Technology | Georgia Tech Georgia Southwestern State University | GSW Northwest Missouri State University Grand Valley State University | GVSU Hannibal–LaGrange University | HLGU Hobart and William Smith Colleges | HWS Pennsylvania State University | PSU Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis | IUPUI Indiana University Bloomington | Indiana Indiana University of Pennsylvania | IUP Indiana University South Bend | IU South Bend Indiana University Southeast | IU Southeast Jacksonville State University | JSU Kutztown University of Pennsylvania | KU Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania | LHU Los Angeles College of Music | LACM Louisiana Tech University | La. Tech Mansfield University of Pennsylvania State University of New York at Potsdam | SUNY Potsdam Stephen F. Austin State University | SFA Metropolitan State University of Denver | MSU Denver MidAmerica Nazarene University | MNU Middle Tennessee State University | MTSU Millersville University of Pennsylvania | MU Tennessee Technological University | Tennessee Tech Minnesota State University Moorhead | MSUM Minnesota State University, Mankato | MNSU Mississippi University for Women | MUW Mississippi Valley State University | MVSU Montana State University Billings | MSU Billings University of California, Berkeley | UC Berkeley University of California, Davis | UC Davis Mount Vernon Nazarene University | MVNU University of California, Irvine | UC Irvine New Mexico Highlands University | NMHU New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology | New Mexico Tech New York City College of Technology | CUNY City Tech North Carolina A&T State University | N.C. A&T University of California, San Diego | UCSD North Carolina State University | NC State Northeastern Illinois University | NEIU Northeastern State University | NSU Northwest Christian University | NCU Northwest Florida State College | NWFSC University of Massachusetts Dartmouth | UMass Dartmouth Northwest Nazarene University | NNU Northwestern Oklahoma State University | NWOSU Oklahoma Panhandle State University | OPSU Oklahoma Wesleyan University | OKWU Oregon Institute of Technology | Oregon Tech Our Lady of the Lake University | OLLU Palm Beach Atlantic University | PBA Point Loma Nazarene University | PLNU Prairie View A&M University | PVAMU Queens College, City University of New York | CUNY QC Ramapo College of New Jersey | RCNJ Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | RPI University of Wisconsin–River Falls | UW–River Falls Rutgers University–New Brunswick | Rutgers Saginaw Valley State University | SVSU Saint Martin’s University | St. Martin’s Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College | SMWC Saint Mary’s College of California | St. Mary’s Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota | SMU Sam Houston State University | SHSU San Francisco State University | SF State School of the Art Institute of Chicago | SAIC Sewanee: The University of the South | Sewanee Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania | SRU South Carolina State University | SCSU Southeast Missouri State University | SEMO Southeastern Oklahoma State University | SOSU Southern Connecticut State University | SCSU Southern Illinois University Carbondale | SIU Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | SIUE Southern Methodist University | SMU Southern New Hampshire University | SNHU Southern University and A&M College | SUBR Southwest Minnesota State University | SMSU Southwestern Assemblies of God University | SAGU Southwestern Christian College | SwCC Southwestern Oklahoma State University | SWOSU St. John’s College | SJC (New Mexico) State University of New York at Fredonia | SUNY Fredonia State University of New York at New Paltz | SUNY New Paltz State University of New York at Oneonta | SUNY Oneonta State University of New York at Oswego | SUNY Oswego State University of New York at Plattsburgh | SUNY Plattsburgh Brigham Young University–Idaho | BYU–Idaho State University of New York at Purchase | SUNY Purchase California University of Pennsylvania | Cal U Tennessee Wesleyan University | TWU Texas A&M International University | TAMIU Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi The State University of New York at Binghamton | SUNY Binghamton The State University of New York at Buffalo | SUNY Buffalo The State University of New York at Geneseo | SUNY Geneseo The State University of New York at Stony Brook | SUNY Stony Brook Trinity International University | TIU University of Alabama at Birmingham | UAB University of Alaska Anchorage | UAA University of Alaska Fairbanks | UAF University of Arkansas at Little Rock | UA Little Rock University of Arkansas at Monticello | UAM University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff | UAPB University of Arkansas–Fort Smith | UAFS University of California, Los Angeles | UCLA University of California, Riverside | UC Riverside University of California, Santa Barbara | UCSB University of California, Santa Cruz | UCSC University of Central Arkansas | UCA University of Central Florida | UCF University of Central Missouri | UCM University of Central Oklahoma | UCO University of Colorado Boulder | CU Boulder University of Colorado Denver | CU Denver University of Hawaii at Manoa | UH Manoa University of Illinois at Chicago | UIC University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign | UIUC University of Louisiana at Lafayette | UL Lafayette University of Louisiana at Monroe | ULM University of Maine at Augusta | UMA University of Maine at Farmington | UMF University of Mary Hardin–Baylor | UMHB University of Mary Washington | UMW University of Maryland Eastern Shore | UMES University of Maryland, Baltimore County | UMBC University of Maryland, College Park | Maryland University of Massachusetts Amherst | UMass Amherst University of Massachusetts Boston | UMass Boston University of Massachusetts Lowell | UMass Lowell University of Michigan–Flint | UofM-Flint University of Minnesota Duluth | UMD University of Minnesota, Twin Cities | Minnesota University of Mississippi | Ole Miss University of Missouri–Kansas City | UMKC University of Missouri–St. Louis | UMSL University of Montana Western | UMW University of Nebraska at Kearney | UNK University of Nebraska–Lincoln | UNL University of Nevada, Las Vegas | UNLV University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | UNC University of North Carolina at Charlotte | UNC Charlotte University of North Carolina at Greensboro | UNC Greensboro University of North Carolina at Pembroke | UNC Pembroke University of North Carolina at Wilmington | UNC Wilmington University of North Carolina School of the Arts | UNCSA University of Northwestern – St. Paul The State University of New York at Albany | SUNY Albany University of South Alabama | South University of South Carolina Aiken | USC Aiken University of South Carolina Upstate | USC Upstate University of Southern California | USC University of Southern Mississippi | Southern Miss University of Tennessee at Chattanooga | UTC University of Tennessee at Martin | UTM University of Texas at Arlington | UT Arlington University of Texas at Austin | UT Austin University of Texas at El Paso | UTEP University of Texas at San Antonio | UTSA University of Texas at Tyler | UT Tyler University of Texas of the Permian Basin | UT Permian Basin University of the District of Columbia | UDC University of the Incarnate Word | UIW University of Wisconsin-Madison | Wisconsin University of Wisconsin–Green Bay | UW–Green Bay University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee | UWM University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh | UW Oshkosh University of Wisconsin–Platteville | UW–Platteville University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point | UW–Stevens Point University of Wisconsin–Superior | UW–Superior University of Wisconsin–Whitewater | UW–Whitewater Virginia Commonwealth University | VCU Washington and Jefferson College | W&J Washington University in St. Louis | WashU Western Connecticut State University | WCSU Western Washington University | WWU William Paterson University | WPUNJ Winston-Salem State University | WSSU University of St. Thomas (Minnesota) York College, City University of New York | CUNY York Regardless of what stage of the application processes you’re in, our College Application Program can help your student create a profile that stands out. Working one on one with an admissions counselor, we can guide your student through everything from creating a college list to planning for financial stability in college.

How has the UK retail sector adapted to recent changes in the economic Literature review

How has the UK retail sector adapted to recent changes in the economic climate effectively - Literature review Example The Global Financial Crisis had a profound impact on almost all parts of the world. Millions of people around the world had to change their lifestyles, many financial institutions went bankrupt, thousands of employees lost their jobs, many people ended up living on the streets, governments in most part of world had to interfere, with bail out plans regardless of the fact that how capitalistic and free market their economy was, to save their institutions. Many countries, which were climbing up the ladder of economic growth, witnessed decline in growth rates and worse, many western countries ended up posing shrinking of the economy. Stock markets in all around the world crashed very badly. The Gross Domestic Product of the world economy was 61.38 Trillion US dollars in the year 2008, which fell down to the level of 58.26 trillion in the year 2009. The trend also continued in the year 2010, however, there are no authentic figures released for the same yet (Buckley, pp. 201-203, 2011; Un ited States Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, pp. 28-30, 2011). Most the countries, specifically the United States government turned towards the Keynesian school of thought of overcoming an economic recession. John Maynard Keynes, who became prominent in the United States and Europe during the great depression, strongly believed that there is no invisible hand in the economy, which causes business troughs and peaks. If an economy wants to move upwards in the business cycle then the economy will have to increase its aggregate demand, which is the sum of consumption, investment, government spending and net exports (exports minus imports). Higher aggregate demand would force the economy to move towards an upward spiral of growth and thus pushing the economy towards a boom. In hope of stimulating the economy with fiscal packages, the US government announced bailout packages of worth more than one trillion US dollars to help the economy to recover (Carpenter, Sanders & Harling, pp. 3148-352, 2011). The UK government also injected money into the econo my in various fashions to help solve the liquidity crisis. The United States injected money into various corporations such Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac,

Term paper 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

1 - Term Paper Example The Revelations of the Perfect Masters transcend the mind-barrier, where bliss alone reigns. It is a conflict-free zone and can not be captured in the printed pages. It can only be experienced. When slavery was actively and horridly practiced in South America, one could unhesitatingly assert that the guardians of religion had Cross dangling on their necks, but not Christ in the hearts. It is strange how religion remained mute witness to sleepwalking barbarity to the meanest of the mean deeds of slave holders. The Church protected and blessed them! The religious masters were the greatest torturer of the slaves. Slavery was a tragedy in the lives of the blacks. That it was practiced in the name of religion was the double tragedy! Slaves in the 1800s were kept ignorant about everything, except that they also possessed the human-body, in which the soul resided in that God-given abode! The first sentence about the Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass, the American Slave, is profound and says something tragic about the life of the slaves. The white masters had perfected the art of ultimate suppression of the blacks. Douglass writes, â€Å"I was born in Tuckahoe, near Hillsborough, and about twelve miles from Easton, in Talbot county, Maryland. I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant. I do not remember to have ever met a slave who could tell of his birthday.† The question about the age was not liked by the white masters and it was termed improper and impertinent and in dication of a restless spirit of the individual. The scheme of torture was perfected, like that of a well thought plan of a mansion drawn by an architect. Black children suffered, from the cradle to the grave, from the womb to the

Why Is Religion Important :: essays research papers

Why is Religion Important? Religion is the one element of life that has connected the races and societies of the world for hundreds of years. It has given meaning to lives that may seem otherwise hopeless. Religion has provided for a universal language and culture among those who believe in a higher power. The spirit or being receiving the worship and praise may not be the same, but the practices are usually similar and serve the same purpose--to give direction, insight, courage, and a divine connection. In today's world, there are many different ways to get involved in religion; various methods have attracted groups of all ages and races. One popular association is FCA or Fellowship of Christian Athletes. This particular group has helped me to find Christ in my own life. There are a lot of unconventional activities to help the younger generations get involved. Some of these activities included Death Week, which focused on death and pain, meetings about family and divorce, lectures to help people reach for their goals, and encouragement speakers. There is a great deal of fun incorporated into all the seriousness, though. We went on ski trips, did missionary work, and put on skits. All of these activities involved Christ in some way, and helped the younger generation to realize that being spiritual was not 'uncool.'; When I attended the FCA meetings, it was the one time that I actually felt free from all my problems. FCA helped me to find my spiritual self and gave me a sense of compl etion. Religion is the main source of morals and values today. I feel like many people today are not following the word of God. I think that religion is overlooked, and not taught enough. For example, colleges, high schools, and many other places are not even allowed to pray, teach or preach the word of the bible. I feel like that is a problem in the United States today. It has had the effect of more violence, problems in families, and the non- education of the younger generation. I feel that though religion is choice, it should be introduced, because many don't even get the opportunity to learn about it.

Business and Consumer Protection in Islam

Modern business is a very complex reality. Many factors influence and determine the business activity. Among other organizational factors managerial, scientific technological and socio-cultural-political, the business complexity of social activities, business with the complexities of modern society. For social events, business in many ways intertwined with the complexities of modern society. All the factors that make up the complexities of modern business has been frequently studied and analyzed through a scientific approach, especially in economics and management theory (K.  Bertens: 2000). In the myth of modern business business people are required to be professional people in his field. They have the skills and business skills beyond the average person, he should be able to show that performance is above average business performance amateur. What's interesting is not only about the performance aspects of the business, managerial, and technical organizations alone but also about the ethical aspects. Performance becomes prasarat business success also involves a moral commitment, moral integrity, discipline, loyalty, unity of moral vision, service, attitude give priority to quality, respect for rights and interests of relevant parties concerned (stakeholders), which over time will develop into a business ethics in a company. Conduct an honest Prophet transparent and generous in doing business practice is the key to success in managing the business Khodijah ra, is a concrete example of the morals and ethics in business. (Http://uika-bogor. ac. d/doc/public/etika% 20bisnis% 20islam. pdf) If we trace the history, the religion of Islam seems a favorable view of trade and economic activity. Prophet Muhammad was a merchant, and the religion of Islam spread primarily through the Muslim traders. In the Qur'an there is a warning against the misuse of wealth, but not prohibited from seeking wealth by lawful means (QS: 2; 275) â€Å"Allah has made trade and prohibits usury. † Islam puts trading activity in a very strategic position in the center of human activity seek sustenance and livelihood. This can be seen in the words of the Prophet Muhammad: â€Å"Pay attention by all your trade, real commercial world it is nine out of ten the door of sustenance. † Dawam Rahardjo precisely suspect Weber thesis on ethics of Protestantism, which cites business activities as a human responsibility to God quoting from Islamic teachings. The following business activities that are prohibited in sharia: 1. Avoiding business transaction that is forbidden in Islam. A Muslim must be committed to interact with things that are made lawful by Allah SWT. A Muslim businessman should not be doing business in the things forbidden by sharia. And a Muslim businessman claimed to always do the good business and society. Business, food is not halal or kosher not contain ingredients, liquor, drugs, prostitution or all of which relate to the world of sparkling like night clubs discotic cafe where mixing of men and women accompanied by a stomping songs, treats and drinks and the food is not kosher Other (QS: Al-A'raf; 32. QS: Al Maidah; 100) is a business activity that is forbidden. 2. Avoiding how to obtain and use property is not kosher. The practice of usury is miserable to be avoided, Islam prohibits usury with severe threats (QS: Al-Baqara, 275-279), while speculative transactions are very closely related to the business that is not transparent such as gambling, fraud, violated the trust so it will most likely harm. Hoarding of money to turn off the function to be enjoyed by others and the narrow space of business and economic activity is a disgraceful act and being rewarded to the most severe (Sura: At-Tauba: 34-35). Redundant and a waste of money for purposes that are not useful and dissipate all the excesses. All properties are prohibited because it is a trait that is not wise in the use of property and contrary to the commandment of God (Surah: Al A'raf; 31). 3. Unfair competition is denounced by God as mentioned in the Quran surat Al-Baqarah: 188: â€Å"Do not you eat some of the treasure of you in a falsehood. † Monopoly also includes unfair competition Prophet denounced the act was: â€Å"Whoever is doing then he is guilty of monopoly†, â€Å"A wholesaler was given sustenance by God as for someone who did that accursed monopoly. Monopoly done to gain market control by preventing the other players to compete in various ways, often in ways that are not laudable goal is to memahalkan price for these entrepreneurs have a huge advantage. Prophet said: â€Å"Someone who intentionally do something to memahalkan price, Allah will promise to the throne made from the Fire later in the day of Judgement. † 4. Forgery and fraud, Islam strictly prohibits falsifying and decepti ve because it can cause harm, injustice, and can lead to hostility and strife. Allah says in Surah: Al-Isra: 35: â€Å"And full measure when ye measure, and weigh with a right balance. † The Prophet said: â€Å"If you sell it you shall not deceive people with sweet words. † In the modern business at least we see in ways not commendable by some businessmen in its product offering, which is forbidden in Islam. In essence, the consumer contains a very broad sense, as expressed President of the United States, John F. Kennedy, â€Å"Consumers by definition include us all† (By definition, all of us including the consumer). (Shidarta, 2000: 2). Consumer Protection Act No. 8, 1999 Chapter I, article 1, number 2, the consumer defines as, â€Å"Every person users of goods or services that are available in the community, both for the interests of self, family, others, as well as other creatures and not for trading†. (Government of the Republic of Indonesia, 1999: 5) Consumers in the economic laws of Islam are not limited to those SAJ war, but also includes a legal entity (al-syakhshiyyat al-ma'nawawiyyah), such as endowments or foundations of certain companies and institutions. Islamic economic laws there is no difference between the end user with a medium user. Muslim jurists did not distinguish between goods kondumsi property, goods production, and intermediary goods, as contained in the general economics. This brings the influences on consumer definitions that must be protected in Islam because in Islam, including consumer goods all users, whether the goods were used directly, so exhausted, used as a tool for intermediaries to further prosuksi justice belongs to everyone, whether he is domiciled as individuals, groups or the public. Advances in technology and the development of economy and perdangangan volume demanding extra supervision of the risks that might arise from the use of certain products. Poor environmental conditions caused by business actors in general, should also get serious attention because every living being is a consumer of the environment. Muhammad, 2004: 180) In Islam there are five things that must be kept kemaslahatannya become key objective of sharia (al-necessities al-repertoire), the religion (al-din), reason (al-‘aql), descent (an-NASL), and property ( al-mal), while some Islamic jurists there is also adding to the al-‘ardh (honor), but according to honor the author is already covered in the custody of al nafs (soul). When associated with the risk caused by defective products or irresponsibility of a product, the main objectives of the fifth yag more focused on guarding the soul, mind and wealth. Muhammad, 2004: 181) However, if the risk of such usage caused by â€Å"negligence† of producers, then this should be linked also with the theory of liability contained in this kejahatab jinayah in Islamic Jurisprudence. In theory the responsibility of Islamic Jurisprudence crime, crimes and violations that occur on human rights can not be invalidated by reason of mistake, not intentional acts. Therefore, the perpetrators of these acts must bear the loss of property or life with fines that have been determined shari'ah.

How Effectively Did Tudor Governments Deal with Rebellion...

How effectively did Tudor governments deal with rebellion in England and Ireland? Tudor governments were relatively successful in dealing with the problem of rebellion, although this was more effective towards the end of the period than at the beginning shown through the decline in rebellion after 1549: only 5 English rebellions occurred as opposed to 10 before 1549. Over the course of the Tudor period the main aims of rebellions were only fully achieved in the rebellions of 1525, the Amicable Grant and 1553. In addition to this the reforms made to local government, policies directly implemented by central government and the effects of trials and retribution, such as Henry VII’s concessions made to the late 15th century pretenders, Lambert†¦show more content†¦In Ireland, rival clan chiefs were offered rewards, pardons and promises in return for helping to maintain English rule, Elizabeth in particular in 1558 for example, invited rebel leader Shane O’Neill to London where she recognised him as Earl of Tyrone. A similar policy of conciliator y politics can be observed under Edward VI and Henry VIII, who in response to the Pilgrimage of Grace sent the Duke of Northumberland to bargain with rebel leaders; Robert Aske was even invited to the palace and treated with dignity on Christmas day 1536. Protector Somerset, operating on Edward’s behalf, sent Peter Carew to persude the Prayer Book rebels to disperse in 1549, arguably with lesser success considering his heavy protestant agenda, conciliatory politics is also shown to be used to lesser success through Henry VII’s decision to replace members of the leading clan, the Geraldines, with loyal English officials actually resulted in increased disorder from 1534-1603 and attempts by rival Irish clans to seize power. Concessions were generally made to rebels were largely a strategy used to buy time to assemble troops to suppress rebellions in Tudor England. However some lasting concessions made by Tudor governmentsShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Lancaster And The House Of York Ending The Civil Wars Of The Roses2347 Words   |  10 Pagesof major significance for the House of Lancaster and the House of York ending the civil Wars of the Roses. [5] Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond brought in the house of Tudor closing the Plantagenet dynasty.[5] The ending of the wars put to rest the feudalism because of the great loss of property and lives of the nobles making it difficult to protest against the strength of the Tudor monarchy. The problem came about from financial and social trouble that followed the hundred years of war, along withRead MoreRise of Parliament6961 Words   |  28 Pages Parliament in England, and the Monarchy in France increased greatly. These conditions were inspired by three major changes: the aftermath ofthe reformation, the need for an increased governmental financing, andthe reorganizing of central governments. These three points were eachresolved in a different way in both England and in France. The first major point which eventually increased political power wasthe aftermath of the Protestant reformation. In England, after the establishmentofRead More Tudor Succession Problems Essays3684 Words   |  15 PagesTudor Succession Problems The Tudor period is unique in that it is marked by succession difficulties in every generation. The Tudor dynasty was plagued by poor health, short-lives and a shortage of male claimants to the throne. For three successive monarchs the throne passed not from ruler to child, but from sibling to sibling and three consecutive monarchs died childless. Henry VIIIs search for a suitable male heir to his throne had far reaching ramifications. This period is distinctiveRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesinstitutions† than others. Even though many scholars including John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, Douglass North and Robert Thomas have emphasized the importance of economic institutions, we are far from a useful framework for thinking about how economic institutions are determined and why they vary across countries. In other words, while we have good reason to believe that economic institutions matter for economi c growth, we lack the crucial comparative static results which will allow us toRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCreating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint